Specialized Construction

Laboratory Construction Bidding: Complete Contractor Guide 2025

Win laboratory and research facility construction contracts. Learn about BSL requirements, HVAC considerations, casework specifications, and how to bid on pharmaceutical, biotech, and academic research lab projects.

BidFinds Team
December 19, 2025
16 min read

Laboratory Construction Market

Lab Construction Quick Facts

US Market Size:

$18B+

Annual construction

Cost Premium:

2-4x

vs standard office

Avg Cost/SF:

$500-1,200

Wet lab space

Growth Rate:

8-12%

Annual increase

Laboratory construction is a highly specialized market driven by pharmaceutical R&D, biotech innovation, academic research, and diagnostic testing expansion. Projects require expertise in complex MEP systems, contamination control, and regulatory compliance.

Major Project Owners

Pharmaceutical/Biotech

Pfizer, Merck, Moderna, and emerging biotech companies building R&D and manufacturing facilities. Design-build common.

Academic/Research

Universities, medical schools, and research institutions. Often publicly funded with competitive bidding requirements.

Healthcare/Diagnostic

Hospital labs, reference laboratories, and diagnostic companies expanding testing capacity.

Laboratory Types & Classifications

Wet Labs
Chemistry & Biology

Characteristics

  • • Chemical handling and storage
  • • Fume hoods and biosafety cabinets
  • • Specialized plumbing (DI water, gases)
  • • High air change rates (10-15 ACH)

Key Systems

  • • Lab casework and countertops
  • • Emergency shower/eyewash
  • • Chemical waste systems
  • • Explosion-proof equipment
Dry Labs
Computational & Physical

Characteristics

  • • Computer/data intensive work
  • • Physics and engineering research
  • • Lower MEP complexity
  • • Standard HVAC typically adequate

Key Systems

  • • High-density power distribution
  • • Supplemental cooling
  • • Vibration isolation (some)
  • • Data/communications infrastructure
Cleanrooms
ISO Classifications

ISO Classes

  • • ISO 5 (Class 100) - Pharmaceutical fill
  • • ISO 6 (Class 1,000) - Biotech
  • • ISO 7 (Class 10,000) - Medical device
  • • ISO 8 (Class 100,000) - General clean

Key Systems

  • • HEPA filtration (99.99%+)
  • • Laminar flow systems
  • • Airlocks and gowning rooms
  • • Particle monitoring
BSL Labs
Biosafety Levels

BSL-1 & BSL-2

  • • Basic containment
  • • Biosafety cabinets required (BSL-2)
  • • Autoclave access
  • • Hand washing stations
  • • Most common lab types

BSL-3 & BSL-4

  • • High containment required
  • • Directional airflow mandatory
  • • HEPA exhaust filtration
  • • Sealed penetrations
  • • Specialized decontamination

Critical Building Systems

HVAC Systems

HVAC represents 30-40% of laboratory construction costs and is the most critical system for lab functionality.

Air Handling Requirements

  • • 100% outside air (no recirculation)
  • • 10-15 ACH typical wet labs
  • • 20+ ACH for BSL-3
  • • Negative pressure containment
  • • Precise temperature/humidity control

Exhaust Systems

  • • Fume hood exhaust (variable volume)
  • • General lab exhaust
  • • Snorkel exhaust systems
  • • Perchloric acid (dedicated)
  • • HEPA-filtered exhaust (BSL-3+)
Electrical & Plumbing

Electrical Systems

  • • High density power (50-100 watts/SF)
  • • Emergency power for critical equipment
  • • UPS for sensitive instruments
  • • Isolated ground circuits
  • • Lightning/surge protection

Lab Plumbing

  • • DI/RO water systems
  • • Lab gases (N2, CO2, compressed air)
  • • Vacuum systems
  • • Acid waste neutralization
  • • Pure water distribution
Lab Casework & Equipment

Casework Types

  • • Steel casework (most common)
  • • Wood casework (traditional)
  • • Modular/flexible systems
  • • Phenolic/epoxy tops

Fume Hoods

  • • Constant volume hoods
  • • Variable air volume (VAV)
  • • Low-flow/high-performance
  • • Specialty (perchloric, radioisotope)

Biosafety Cabinets

  • • Class I (personnel protection)
  • • Class II A/B (product/personnel)
  • • Class III (maximum containment)
  • • Exhaust connection requirements

Compliance & Regulatory Requirements

Key Regulations
NIH

NIH Guidelines for Recombinant DNA

Required for federally funded research involving recombinant or synthetic nucleic acids. Defines BSL requirements.

CDC/USDA

Select Agent Program

Regulations for facilities handling select agents and toxins. Registration and inspection requirements.

FDA

cGMP Requirements

Current Good Manufacturing Practices for pharmaceutical and medical device production facilities.

OSHA

Laboratory Standard (29 CFR 1910.1450)

Chemical Hygiene Plan requirements, exposure limits, and laboratory safety provisions.

Industry Standards

Design Standards

  • • ASHRAE 110 - Fume hood testing
  • • NSF 49 - Biosafety cabinets
  • • SEFA 8 - Lab casework
  • • AIHA Z9.5 - Lab ventilation

Cleanroom Standards

  • • ISO 14644 - Cleanroom classification
  • • USP 797/800 - Pharmaceutical
  • • IEST-RP-CC034 - HEPA filters
  • • ISPE Baseline Guides

Finding Laboratory Projects

Project Sources

University/Research Institutions

State procurement portals for public universities. NIH and NSF grant-funded projects. Capital planning offices for upcoming projects.

Pharmaceutical/Biotech Companies

Direct relationships with facilities and construction teams. Design-build firms specializing in life sciences. Industry conferences and networking.

Federal Government

NIH campus projects, CDC facilities, VA medical centers, and DOD research labs through SAM.gov.

Life Sciences Developers

Alexandria Real Estate, BioMed Realty, and other specialized developers building spec lab space in biotech clusters.

Key Geographic Markets

Boston/Cambridge

Largest life sciences cluster. Kendall Square, Seaport District, Route 128 corridor.

San Francisco Bay Area

South San Francisco, East Bay biotech corridor. Strong venture funding.

Research Triangle, NC

Growing biotech hub. Duke, UNC, NC State proximity. Lower costs than coasts.

Winning Bidding Strategies

Essential Qualifications
  • Relevant Experience

    Document completed lab projects by type (BSL level, cleanroom class). Show specific MEP experience with lab systems.

  • Specialized Personnel

    Project managers and superintendents with lab construction background. Understanding of validation and commissioning.

  • Quality Programs

    Documented QA/QC procedures for critical systems. Understanding of IQ/OQ/PQ validation protocols.

  • Vendor Relationships

    Established relationships with lab equipment manufacturers, casework vendors, and specialty subcontractors.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid
  • Underestimating HVAC complexity and coordination time
  • Not accounting for equipment lead times (fume hoods, casework)
  • Inadequate commissioning budget and schedule time
  • Missing validation requirements in pharmaceutical projects
  • Overlooking vibration and EMI sensitivity requirements

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